Explosion characteristics of pulverised torrefied and raw Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) and Southern pine ( Pinus palustris ) in comparison to bituminous coal
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Development in Norway Spruce, Picea abies'
A pulse-treatment of embryos of Picea abies (L.) Karst with cytokinin efficiently and reproducibly induces the coordinate de novo formation of bud primordia from subepidermal cells. The cytokinin treatment also affects the germinative development of the embryo; chloroplast maturation is delayed, and cell elongation is completely suppressed. We have analyzed the protein patterns in developing sp...
متن کاملCell Wall-Bound Phenolics from Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Needles
Secondary products, such as phenolics, accumulate predominantly in the form of hydrophilic conjugates in the vacuoles (intraprotoplasmic storage) of plants [1—3]. Also there are many reports on their extraprotoplasmic location, e.g. as exudates [4] or cell wall components. The latter include the polymer lignin [5], as well as monomeric hydrolyzable phenolics, which are mainly hydroxycinnamic ac...
متن کاملTransport and metabolism of gibberellins in relation to flower bud differentiation in Norway spruce (Picea abies).
A mixture of tritiated and deuterated gibberellin A(4) (GA(4)) was injected into the xylem of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) propagules, below an elongating shoot, or applied directly on the needles of an elongating shoot. The distribution of [(2)H(2)]GA(4) and [(3)H]GA(4) in the needles, stems and buds was determined after 4, 12 and 24 h. After 4 h, most of the xylem-injected GA(4) was...
متن کاملSeasonal variation in photochemical activity and hardiness in clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies).
We investigated changes in photochemical activity and cold hardiness of detached needles of three clones of Picea abies (L.) Karst. by measuring variable chlorophyll fluorescence (F(v)/F(m)), before and after artificial freezing, from September to June. Photochemical activity varied considerably during the study, but only minor differences in photochemical activity among the clones were observe...
متن کاملExperimental vs. modeled water use in mature Norway spruce (Picea abies) exposed to elevated CO2
Rising levels of atmospheric CO(2) have often been reported to reduce plant water use. Such behavior is also predicted by standard equations relating photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and atmospheric CO(2) concentration, which form the core of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). Here, we provide first results from a free air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment with naturally growing, m...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biomass and Bioenergy
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0961-9534
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.001